History of project-based learning?

Project-based learning (PBL) has its roots in the progressive education movement of the early 20th century, where educators like John Dewey emphasized learning through hands-on experiences. However, PBL gained significant traction in the 20th and 21st centuries as educational theorists and practitioners recognized its effectiveness in fostering deep understanding and 21st-century skills. In recent decades, PBL has become a popular instructional approach in K-12 education and higher education, reflecting a shift towards student-centered, inquiry-based learning that emphasizes real-world problem-solving and collaboration.

What is project-based learning?

Project-based learning (PBL) is an instructional approach that focuses on students engaging in real-world, meaningful, and hands-on projects to learn and apply knowledge and skills. In PBL, students work on a specific project or problem over an extended period of time, typically involving collaboration with peers. This approach is designed to promote active learning, critical thinking, problem-solving, and the acquisition of both academic and practical skills.

What are the key characteristics of project-based learning?

Student-Centered: PBL places students at the center of their learning experience. They take ownership of their projects and are responsible for planning, executing, and reflecting on their work. Authentic Tasks: Projects in PBL are designed to mimic real-world situations or challenges. Students often work on tasks that professionals in a given field might encounter, making the learning experience more relevant and practical. Interdisciplinary: PBL often integrates multiple subject areas or disciplines, encouraging students to apply knowledge from various domains to solve complex problems. Inquiry-Based: PBL encourages students to ask questions, conduct research, and seek solutions independently. This fosters curiosity and a deeper understanding of the subject matter. Collaboration: Students frequently collaborate with their peers, dividing tasks, sharing responsibilities, and learning to work effectively in teams. Critical Thinking: PBL requires students to analyze information, make decisions, and solve problems critically. They learn to evaluate and synthesize information to arrive at solutions. Communication Skills: Students often present their projects to peers, teachers, or even a broader audience. This helps develop communication and presentation skills. Reflection: At the end of a project, students reflect on their learning experiences, identifying what they've learned, what went well, and what could be improved for future projects.

Successful case study of project-based learning?

One of the most successful case studies of project-based learning (PBL) is the High Tech High network of schools in San Diego, California. Founded by Larry Rosenstock in 2000, High Tech High has become a renowned model for PBL implementation. The schools within this network prioritize student-driven, interdisciplinary projects that tackle real-world problems. High Tech High consistently achieves impressive academic outcomes, with students excelling in standardized tests and gaining valuable skills in critical thinking, collaboration, and communication. Its success has inspired many other educational institutions to adopt PBL methodologies and emphasize the importance of authentic, project-based learning experiences.

Projektbaseret læring - Sådan motiverer du virkelig dine studerende i 2023

Hvad er projektbaseret læring? There’s a reason many of us think of classes like art, music, drama as the happiest of our school years.

It’s the same reason that the woodwork rooms, science labs and culinary class kitchens of my school were always the most joyous, productive and memorable places…

Børn elsker bare gør ting.

If you’ve ever cleaned up wall “art” or mountains of Lego rubble from your own kid at home, you probably know this already.

Aktivitet er en afgørende part of a child’s development but is far too often neglected at school. Teachers and curriculums mostly focus on the passive intake of information, either through listening or reading.

Men gør is læring. Faktisk fandt en undersøgelse, at aktivt at gøre ting i klassen hævede de samlede karakterer med en enorme 10 procentpoint, proving that it’s one of the most effective ways to get students learning.

The takeaway is this – giv dem et projekt og se dem blomstre.

Here’s how project-based learning works…

Oversigt

Hvornår blev projektbaseret læring først fundet?	1960s
Who pioneer project-based learning technique?	Barrows og Tamblyn

Oversigt over projektbaseret læring

Tips til bedre engagement

Alternativ tekst

Leder du efter en interaktiv måde at styre dit projekt bedre på?.

Få gratis skabeloner og quizzer til at spille til dine næste møder. Tilmeld dig gratis og tag, hvad du vil have fra AhaSlides!

🚀 Få en gratis konto

Hvad er projektbaseret læring?

Projektbaseret læring (PBL) er, når en elev, flere grupper af elever eller en hel klasse deltager i en udfordrende, kreative, opnåelige, understøttes, langsigtet projekt.

Those adjectives are emboldened because, frankly, making pipe cleaner animals when there’s 10 minutes left in textiles class doesn’t count as PBL.

For at et projekt kan kvalificere sig til PBL, skal det være det 5 ting:

Udfordrende: Projektet skal kræve reel omtanke for at løse et problem.
Kreativ: Projektet skal have et åbent spørgsmål med nr en rigtigt svar. Eleverne skal være frie (og opmuntrede) til at udtrykke kreativitet og individualitet i deres projekt.
opnåelige: Projektet skal kunne gennemføres ved hjælp af det, eleverne skal vide fra din klasse.
Understøttet: Projektets behov din feedback along the way. There should be milestones for the project and you should use those to see what stage the project’s at and to give advice.
Langsigtet: Projektet skal have tilstrækkelig kompleksitet til, at det varer en anstændig periode: hvor som helst mellem et par lektioner til et helt semester.

5 elever, der deltager i projektbaseret læring ved at bygge en fjernstyret bil

There’s a reason project-based learning is also called ‘discovery learning’ og ‘experiential learning’. It’s all about the student and how they can learn through their own discovery and experience.

Ikke så sært de elsker det.

Brainstorm bedre med AhaSlides

Hvorfor projektbaseret læring?

Forpligter sig til noget nyt innovativ undervisningsmetode tager tid, men det første skridt er at spørge hvorfor? It’s to see the ultimate aim of the switch; what your students, their grades and dig kan komme ud af det.

Here are some of the benefits of project-based learning…

#1 – It seriously works

If you think about it, you might realise you’ve been doing project-based learning your whole life.

At lære at gå er et projekt, ligesom det er at få venner i folkeskolen, lave dit første spiselige måltid og finde ud af hvad fanden kvantitativ stramning er.

Lige nu, hvis du kan gå, har venner, vagt kan lave mad og kender avancerede økonomiske principper, kan du takke din egen PBL for at få dig der.

Og du ved, det virker.

As 99% of LinkedIn ‘influencers’ will tell you, the best teachings aren’t in books, they’re in trying, failing, trying again and succeeding.

That’s the PBL model. Students address the huge problem posed by the project in stages, with masser små fejl på hvert trin. Hver fejl hjælper dem med at lære, hvad de gjorde forkert, og hvad de skal gøre for at gøre det rigtigt.

It’s the natural process of learning reproduced in school. It’s no surprise there’s a mountain of evidence suggesting PBL is more effective than traditional teaching methods in datakendskab, naturfag, matematik og engelsk sprog, alt sammen med elever fra 2. klasse til 8. klasse.

Projektbaseret læring på ethvert stadie er ganske enkelt effektiv.

#2 – It’s engaging

Meget af grunden til alle disse positive resultater er det faktum, at børn nyder aktivt at lære gennem PBL.

Maybe that’s a bit of a sweeping statement, but consider this: as a student, if you had the choice between staring at a textbook about photons or building your own tesla coil, which do you think you would get more involved in?

De ovennævnte undersøgelser viser også, hvordan eleverne virkelig get into PBL. When they’re faced with a task that requires creativity, is challenging and is immediately tangible in the real world, their enthusiasm for it skyrockets.

It’s impossible to force students to be interested in memorising information for replication in an exam.

Giv dem noget sjovt og motivationen ordner sig selv.

#3 – It’s future-proof

A 2013 undersøgelse found that half of business leaders can’t find decent job applicants because, essentially, they don’t know how to think.

These applicants are often technically skilled, but lack “basic workplace proficiencies like adaptability, communication skills and the ability to solve complex problems.”

Det er ikke let at undervise i bløde færdigheder like these in a traditional setting, but PBL allows students to develop them adjacent to what they’re developing in terms of knowledge.

Næsten som et biprodukt af projektet vil eleverne lære at arbejde sammen, hvordan man kommer igennem vejspærringer, hvordan man leder, hvordan man lytter og hvordan man arbejder med mening og motivation.

For dine elevers fremtid vil fordelene ved projektbaseret læring i skolen blive tydelige for dem som både arbejdere og mennesker.

#4 – It’s inclusive

Linda Darling-Hammond, leader of President Joe Biden’s education transition team, once said this…

“We used to restrict project-based learning to a very tiny minority of students who were in gifted-and-talented courses, and we would give them what we would call ‘thinking work’. That has exacerbated the opportunity gap in this country.”

Linda Darling-Hammond på PBL.

She added that what we really need is “project-based learning of this kind for alle students”.

Der er masser af skoler over hele verden, hvor elever lider på grund af deres lave socioøkonomiske status (lav-SES). Studerende med mere velhavende baggrunde får alle muligheder og bliver drevet frem af dem, mens elever med lav SES holdes godt og grundigt inden for formen.

I moderne tid er PBL ved at blive en stor udjævning for lav-SES-studerende. Det sætter alle på samme bane og løsner sig them; it gives them full creative freedom and allows advanced and not-so-advanced students to work together on an intrinsically motivating project.

A undersøgelse rapporteret af Edutopia fandt ud af, at der var større vækst i lav-SES-skoler, da de gik over til PBL. Elever i PBL-modellen registrerede højere score og højere motivation end andre skoler, der brugte traditionel undervisning.

Denne højere motivation er afgørende, fordi dette er en kæmpe lektion for elever med lav SES, at skolen både kan være spændende og lige. Hvis dette læres tidligt, er implikationerne af dette for deres fremtidige læring fænomenale.

Undersøg effektivt med AhaSlides

Projektbaserede læringseksempler og ideer

ovennævnte undersøgelse er et fantastisk eksempel på projektbaseret læring.

One of the projects in that study took place in Grayson Elementary School in Michigan. There, the teacher introduced the idea of going to the playground (enthusiastically taken up by his 2nd grade class) to list all the problems they can find.

They got back to school and compiled a list of all the problems the students found. After a bit of dicsussion, the teacher suggested they write a proposal to their local council to try and get it fixed.

Se, rådmand Randy Carter dukkede op på skolen, og eleverne præsenterede deres forslag for ham som en klasse.

Du kan selv se projektet i videoen herunder.

Så PBL var et hit i denne samfundsfagstime. Eleverne var motiverede, og de resultater, de kom med, var spektakulære for en skole med høj fattigdom i 2. klasse.

But what does PBL look like in other subjects? Check out these project-based learning ideas for your own class…

Lav dit eget land – Get together in groups and come up with a brand new country, complete with location on Earth, climate, flag, culture and rules. How detailed each field is is down to the students.
Design en rejseplan – Pick any place in the world and design a tour itinerary that goes to all of the best stops over multiple days. Each student (or group) has a budget that they must stick to and must come up with a cost-effective tour that includes travel, hotels and food. If the place they pick for the tour is local, then they could possibly even føre turen i det virkelige liv.
Ansøg om, at din by skal være vært for OL – Make a group proposal for the town or city you’re in to host the Olympic games! Think about where people will watch the games, where they will stay, what they will eat, where the athletes will train, etc. Each project in the class has the same budget.
Design en kunstgalleribegivenhed – Put together a program of art for an evening, including art to be shown and any events to be held. There should be a little placard describing each piece of art and a thoughtful structure to their arrangement throughout the gallery.
Byg et plejehjem for demente - Demens landsbyer er i stigning. Eleverne lærer, hvad der gør en god demenslandsby og designer en selv, komplet med alle de nødvendige faciliteter til at holde beboerne gladere for et bestemt budget.
Lav en minidokumentar – Take a problem that needs solving and make an exploratory documentary of it, including script, talking head shots and whatever else students want to include. The ultimate aim is to phrase the problem in different lights and offer a few solutions for it.
Design en middelalderby – Research the lives of medieval villagers and design a medieval town for them. Develop the town based on existing conditions and beliefs at the time.
Genopliv dinosaurerne – Make a planet for all the dinosaur species so that they can co-habit. There should be as little inter-species fighting as possible, so the planet needs to be organised to ensure maximum chances of survival.

3 niveauer til god projektbaseret læring

Så du har en god idé til et projekt. Det sætter kryds i alle felter, og du ved, at dine elever vil elske det.

Tid til at nedbryde, hvordan din PBL vil se ud samlet, hvert par uger og hver lektion.

Det store billede

This is the start – the ultimate goal for your project.

Selvfølgelig er der ikke mange lærere, der har friheden til at vælge et tilfældigt projekt og håbe, at deres elever lærer noget abstrakt i slutningen af det.

Ifølge standardcirruclum skal eleverne ved udgangen altid show understanding of the topic you’ve been teaching them.

When you’re planning the project to give to your students, keep that in mind. Make sure that the questions that arise and the milestones reached along the way are in some way relateret til projektets hovedformål, og at produktet der kommer til sidst er et solidt svar på den oprindelige opgave.

It’s all too easy to forget this on the journey of discovery, and let students get a little også creative, to the point that they’ve completely mangled the main point of the project.

So remember the end goal and be clear about the rubric you’re using to mark your students. They need to know all of this for effective learning.

Mellemgrunden

Mellemvejen er, hvor du vil have dine milepæle.

Peppering your project with milestones means that students are not left completely to their own devices from start to finish. Their end product will be more closely aligned with the goal because you’ve provided them with anstændig feedback på hvert trin.

Det er afgørende, at disse milepælstjek ofte er de tidspunkter, hvor eleverne føler sig motiverede. De kan registrere deres projekts fremskridt, få nyttig feedback og tage nye ideer med ind i næste fase.

Så tag et kig på dit overordnede projekt og opdel det i etaper med et milepælstjek i slutningen af hver fase.

Dag-til-dag

When it comes down to the nitty gritty of what students do during your actual lessons, there’s not much you need to do undtagen husk din rolle.

Du er facilitator for hele dette projekt; du vil have eleverne til at træffe deres egne beslutninger så meget som muligt, så de kan lære selvstændigt.

With that in mind, your classes will mostly be…

Gentager den næste milepæl og det overordnede mål.
Skift mellem borde og kontrollerer gruppens fremskridt.
At stille spørgsmål, der hjælper med at skubbe eleverne i den rigtige retning.
Rosende og motiverende.
At sikre, at hvad end en elev har brug for (inden for rimelighedens grænser), de kan få.

At sikre, at disse 5 opgaver er udført, sætter dig i en stor støtterolle, alt imens hovedstjernerne, eleverne, vil lære ved at gøre.

En lærer, der vejleder sin unge elev i hendes projekt,

Gå ind i projektbaseret læring

Udført rigtigt kan projektbaseret læring være en almægtig revolution i undervisningen.

Undersøgelser har vist, at det kan forbedre karaktererne markant, men endnu vigtigere, det indgyder en følelse af nysgerrighed hos dine studerende, hvilket kan tjene dem vidunderligt i deres fremtidige studier.

If you’re interested in giving PBL a bash in your classroom, remember to start lille.

You could do that by trying a short project (maybe just 1 lesson) as a trial and observing how your class performs. You could even give students a quick survey afterwards to ask them how they felt it went and whether or not they’d like to do it on a larger scale.

Se også, om der er nogen andre lærere på din skole, som gerne vil prøve en PBL-time. I så fald kan I sætte jer ned sammen og designe noget til hver af jeres klasser.

But most importantly, don’t underestimate your students. You might just be surprised at what they can do with the right project.

Mere engagement i dine forsamlinger

Ofte stillede spørgsmål

Historie om projektbaseret læring?

Projektbaseret læring (PBL) har sine rødder i den progressive uddannelsesbevægelse i det tidlige 20. århundrede, hvor undervisere som John Dewey lagde vægt på læring gennem praktiske erfaringer. Imidlertid vandt PBL betydelig indpas i det 20. og 21. århundrede, da pædagogiske teoretikere og praktikere anerkendte dets effektivitet i at fremme dyb forståelse og færdigheder i det 21. århundrede. I de seneste årtier er PBL blevet en populær instruktionstilgang i K-12 uddannelse og videregående uddannelse, hvilket afspejler et skift i retning af elevcentreret, undersøgelsesbaseret læring, der lægger vægt på problemløsning og samarbejde i den virkelige verden.

Hvad er projektbaseret læring?

Projektbaseret læring (PBL) er en instruktionstilgang, der fokuserer på elever, der engagerer sig i virkelige, meningsfulde og praktiske projekter for at lære og anvende viden og færdigheder. I PBL arbejder eleverne med et specifikt projekt eller problem over en længere periode, typisk med samarbejde med kammerater. Denne tilgang er designet til at fremme aktiv læring, kritisk tænkning, problemløsning og tilegnelse af både akademiske og praktiske færdigheder.

Hvad er de vigtigste kendetegn ved projektbaseret læring?

Student-Centered: PBL places students at the center of their learning experience. They take ownership of their projects and are responsible for planning, executing, and reflecting on their work.
Autentiske opgaver: Projekter i PBL er designet til at efterligne virkelige situationer eller udfordringer. Studerende arbejder ofte med opgaver, som fagfolk inden for et givet felt kan støde på, hvilket gør læringsoplevelsen mere relevant og praktisk.
Tværfagligt: PBL integrerer ofte flere fagområder eller discipliner, hvilket tilskynder eleverne til at anvende viden fra forskellige domæner til at løse komplekse problemer.
Forespørgselsbaseret: PBL opfordrer eleverne til at stille spørgsmål, udføre forskning og søge løsninger selvstændigt. Dette fremmer nysgerrighed og en dybere forståelse af emnet.
Samarbejde: Studerende samarbejder ofte med deres kammerater, fordeler opgaver, deler ansvar og lærer at arbejde effektivt i teams.
Kritisk tænkning: PBL kræver, at eleverne analyserer information, træffer beslutninger og løser problemer kritisk. De lærer at evaluere og syntetisere information for at nå frem til løsninger.
Kommunikationsegenskaber: Studerende præsenterer ofte deres projekter for kammerater, lærere eller endda et bredere publikum. Dette hjælper med at udvikle kommunikations- og præsentationsevner.
Afspejling: At the end of a project, students reflect on their learning experiences, identifying what they’ve learned, what went well, and what could be improved for future projects.

Vellykket casestudie af projektbaseret læring?

Et af de mest succesrige casestudier af projektbaseret læring (PBL) er High Tech High-netværket af skoler i San Diego, Californien. Grundlagt af Larry Rosenstock i 2000, er High Tech High blevet en berømt model for PBL-implementering. Skolerne i dette netværk prioriterer elevdrevne, tværfaglige projekter, der tackler virkelige problemer. High Tech High opnår konsekvent imponerende akademiske resultater, hvor eleverne udmærker sig i standardiserede tests og opnår værdifulde færdigheder inden for kritisk tænkning, samarbejde og kommunikation. Dens succes har inspireret mange andre uddannelsesinstitutioner til at tage PBL-metoder til sig og understrege vigtigheden af autentiske, projektbaserede læringserfaringer.