Today, we’re diving into the concept of 間隔尺度測量 ——統計世界的基石，聽起來可能很複雜，但非常有趣，而且與我們的日常生活有著驚人的相關性。
From the way we tell time to how we measure temperature, interval scales play a crucial role. Let’s unravel this concept together, delving into its essence, unique features, comparisons with other scales, and real-world examples!
目錄
有效調查的技巧
什麼是間隔刻度測量？
區間尺度測量是一種資料測量尺度，用於統計和研究領域，用於量化實體之間的差異。 它是四個等級的測量尺度之一，其他尺度還有標稱尺度、比率尺度和 序數尺度範例.
It’s really useful in many areas like psychology, teaching, and studying society because it helps us measure things like how smart someone is (IQ scores), how hot or cold it is (temperature), or dates.
間隔刻度測量的主要特徵
間隔秤測量具有區別於其他類型測量秤的獨特特徵。了解這些特徵對於在研究和資料分析中正確使用區間尺度至關重要。以下是主要特點：
各處步數均勻（等間隔）：
間隔量表的一個重要特點是，無論您位於量表的哪個位置，任兩個相鄰數字之間的差距始終相同。這使得比較一件事與另一件事相比有多多或多少變得非常有用。
- For instance, the jump from 10°C to 11°C is just like the jump from 20°C to 21°C when you’re talking about temperature.
零只是一個佔位符（任意零點）：
With interval scales, the zero doesn’t mean “nothing there.” It’s just a point that’s been picked to start counting from, not like in some other scales where zero means something is completely absent. A good example is how 0°C doesn’t mean there’s no temperature; it just means that’s where water freezes.
僅加法和減法：
You can use interval scales to add up or take away numbers to figure out the difference between them. But because zero doesn’t mean “none,” you can’t use multiplication or division to say something is “twice as hot” or “half as cold.”
Can’t Talk About Ratios:
Since zero on these scales isn’t really zero, saying something is “twice as much” doesn’t make sense. This is all because we’re missing a true starting point that means “none.”
有意義的數字：
區間尺度上的一切都是有序的，你可以準確地知道一個數字比另一個數字多了多少。這使得研究人員可以組織他們的測量結果並討論差異有多大或多小。
間隔刻度測量範例
間隔刻度測量提供了一種量化和比較值之間間距相等但沒有真正零點的項目之間差異的方法。以下是一些日常範例：
1/ 溫度（攝氏或華氏）：
The temperature scales are classic examples of interval scales. The temperature difference between 20°C and 30°C is equal to the difference between 30°C and 40°C. However, 0°C or 0°F does not mean the absence of temperature; it’s just a point on the scale.
2/ 智商分數：
Intelligence Quotient (IQ) scores are measured on an interval scale. The difference between scores is consistent, but there’s no true zero point where intelligence is absent.
3/ 歷年：
When we use years to measure time, we’re working with an interval scale. The gap between 1990 and 2000 is the same as between 2000 and 2010, but no “zero” year represents the absence of time.
4/ 一天中的時間：
Similarly, the time of day on a 12-hour or 24-hour clock is an interval measurement. The interval between 1:00 and 2:00 is the same as between 3:00 and 4:00. Midnight or noon doesn’t represent an absence of time; it’s just a point in the cycle.
5/ 標準化考試成績：
Scores on tests like the SAT or GRE are calculated on an interval scale. The difference in points between scores is equal, allowing for direct comparison of results, but a score of zero doesn’t mean “no knowledge” or ability.
這些例子說明了間隔量表如何應用於日常生活和科學研究的各個方面，從而無需依賴真正的零點即可進行精確比較。
區間量表與其他類型量表的比較
標稱規模：
- 它的作用： 只是將事物分類或命名，而不說哪個更好或有更多。
- 示例： Types of fruit (apple, banana, cherry). You can’t say an apple is “more” than a banana; they’re just different.
序數尺度：
- 它的作用： Ranks things in order but doesn’t tell us how much better or worse one is than another.
- 示例： 比賽位置（第一、第二、第三）。我們知道第一比第二好，但不知道好多少。
區間尺度：
- 它的作用： Not only ranks things in order but also tells us the exact difference between them. However, it doesn’t have a true starting point of zero.
- 示例： 如前所述，溫度以攝氏度為單位。
比例尺：
- 它的作用： Like the interval scale, it ranks things and tells us the exact difference between them. But, it also has a true zero point, meaning “none” of whatever we’re measuring.
- 示例： 重量。 0公斤意味著沒有重量，我們可以說20公斤是10公斤的兩倍。
主要區別：
- 公稱 只是命名或標記事物，沒有任何順序。
- 序數 puts things in order but doesn’t say how far apart those orders are.
- 信號間隔 tells us the distance between points clearly, but without a true zero, so we can’t say something is “twice” as much.
- 比率給出 us all the info interval does, plus it has a true zero, so we can make comparisons like “twice as much.”
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結論
Using interval scale measurement can truly transform how we collect and analyze data in research. Whether you’re evaluating customer satisfaction, studying changes in behavior, or tracking progress over time, interval scales provide a reliable and straightforward method. Remember, the key to unlocking insightful data starts with choosing the right tools and scales for your study. Embrace interval scale measurement, and take your research to the next level of accuracy and insight.
參考： 表格應用程序 | GraphPad | QuestionPro
